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IEEE引用格式範例和指南

什麼是IEEE引用格式?

IEEE是Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers的英文縮寫(電氣與電子工程師協會)。 IEEE引用格式在電腦科學和電氣工程的學術論文中被廣泛使用。 IEEE引用格式的特徵是在方括號內標號,而不是使用上角標的傳統引用方式。這種引用格式能使作者在一句話中輕鬆引用多個文獻。

IEEE引用格式( IEEE citation style )對文末參考文獻列表的格式有明確規定,包括書籍和期刊標題需要使用大寫和斜體。參考文獻清單應按照第一作者姓氏的字母順序排列,且必須列出論文中引用的所有文獻。

另外, IEEE引用格式要求縮寫的用法全文一致,例如“ IEEE”和“ Trans. (代表Transactions ) ” 。使用IEEE格式能夠提升學術論文的專業性和可讀性,也有助於增加作者及其研究工作的可信度。

IEEE文中引用規則

IEEE格式規定在論文中使用方括號和標號引用文獻。這些參考文獻按照它們在文中出現的順序編號,並應完整準確地對應於論文末尾參考文獻列表中的參考文獻。

在IEEE格式中,內文引用(in-text citations)應該出現在句末和在句號之前。參考文獻的編號放在方括號內,而且在數字與句子之間沒有標點符號,例如:

[1] states that the use of renewable energy sources is increasing.

當在一句中引用多個文獻時,參考文獻的編號之間用逗號和空格分隔,例如:

Several studies [1, 2, 3] have shown the benefits of using renewable energy sources.

IEEE引用格式要求在文中引用的每條參考文獻都必須完整出現在文末的參考文獻列表中。

IEEE文中引用範例

文中的參考文獻

在文末參考文獻列表中的所有文獻都必須在文中被引用。在引用文獻時,文獻編號出現在方括號中,並出現在標點符號之前。

從語法上講,被引用的參考文獻的編號可被視為腳註編號( footnote number ),例如:

…as shown by Brown [4], [5]; as mentioned earlier [2], [4] –[ 7], [9]; Kwon [4] and Thalin and Peters [5]; Park et al. [7]

從上例中可以注意到,當文中引用的作者姓名有三個或三個以上時,需要使用et al.

…as demonstrated in [3]; according to [4] and [6] –[9].

以下是IEEE引用格式的更多範例:

According to a recent study [1], the use of renewable energy sources has increased significantly in the past decade.

The benefits of using renewable energy sources include reduced greenhouse gas emissions [2] and decreased dependence on non-renewable sources [3].

In a survey of 1000 individuals, 80% agreed that it is important to invest in renewable energy [4].

方括號內的參考文獻編號應對應於論文末尾參考文獻列表中的文獻編號。參考文獻列表應列出文中引用的所有文獻,並按照第一作者的姓氏排序。如果沒有作者,則按照作品的標題字母排序。

引用中套用引用

當引用某篇參考文獻中包含的參考文獻時,需要檢查參考文獻清單中是否有“ ibid. ”或“ op. cit. ”字眼。這些詞指的是已經出現過的參考文獻。這些詞應當從參考文獻列表中刪除。在文中引用處,需要重複過去用過的參考文獻編號,並重新編號參考文獻列表。如果“ibid. ”的引用需要使用新的頁碼,請使用以下格式:

[3, Th. 1]; [3, Lemma 2]; [3, pp. 5–10]; [3, eq. (2)]; [3, Fig. 1]; [3, Appendix I]; [3, Sec. 4.5]; [3, Ch. 2, pp. 5–10]; [3, Algorithm 5]. 

編輯參考文獻涉及重新仔細在文末編號,並修改文中引用處的文獻編號。在重新編號時,需要注意向作者查證。

IEEE引用格式的文末參考文獻列表

書籍

格式[1] A. Author, “Book Title,” Publisher, City, State, Country, Year.
範例[1] JR Smith, “Renewable Energy Sources,” Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2012.[2] M. Johnson and A. Brown, “The Future of Energy,” Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA, 2015.

編輯的書籍

格式[1] A. Author, B. Author, “Chapter Title,” in: A. Editor, B. Editor (Eds.), “Book Title,” Publisher, City, State, Country, Year, pp. Xy.
範例[1] JR Smith, “The History of Renewable Energy,” in: M. Johnson and A. Brown (Eds.), “The Future of Energy,” Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA, 2015, pp. 1-20.[2] M. Johnson and A. Brown, “The Benefits of Renewable Energy,” in: JR Smith (Ed.), “Renewable Energy Sources,” Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2012, pp. 21-40.[2] M. Johnson and A. Brown, “The Benefits of Renewable Energy,” in: J. R. Smith (Ed.), “Renewable Energy Sources,” Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2012, pp. 21-40.

翻譯的書籍

格式[1] A. Author, “Book Title,” Translated by B. Translator, Publisher, City, State, Country, Year.
範例[1] JR Smith, “Renewable Energy Sources,” Translated by M. Johnson, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2012.[2] M. Johnson and A. Brown, “The Future of Energy,” Translated by JR Smith, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA, 2015.

會議論文

格式[1] A. Author, B. Author, “Paper Title,” in: Proceedings of the Conference Name, City, State, Country, Year, pp. Xy.
範例[1] JR Smith, M. Johnson, “Renewable Energy in the 21st Century,” in: Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy, Berlin, Germany, 2012, pp. 1-10.[2] M. Johnson, A. Brown, “The Future of Renewable Energy,” in: Proceedings of the Energy Summit, New York, NY, USA, 2015, pp. 11-20.

線上會議論文

格式[1] A. Author, B. Author, “Paper Title,” in: Proceedings of the Conference Name, City, State, Country, Year, pp. xy, [Online]. Available: URL
範例[1] JR Smith, M. Johnson, “Renewable Energy in the 21st Century,” in: Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy, Berlin, Germany, 2012, pp. 1-10, [Online]. Available: https://www.conference.org/proceedings[2] M. Johnson, A. Brown, “The Future of Renewable Energy,” in: Proceedings of the Energy Summit, New York, NY, USA, 2015, pp. 11-20, [Online]. Available: https://www.energysummit.org/proceedings

期刊論文

格式[1] A. Author, “Title of Article,” Abbrev. Title of Journal vol. x, no. x, pp. xxx-xxx, Month Year.
範例[1] J. Smith, “The Future of AI,” IEEE J. Artificial Intell . vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 123-135, Dec. 2022.[2] M. Doe, “Machine Learning in Healthcare,” Health Inf. J. vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 214-230, Sept. 2022.

網頁內容

格式[1] A. Author, “Title of Web Page,” Name of Website, URL, Month Year (Date of Access).
範例[1] S. Patel, “Top 10 AI Companies,” Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/top-ai-companies/?sh=2a89a75a6f44 , Oct. 2022 (accessed Feb. 2023).[2] Example 2: J. Kim, “Artificial Intelligence in Business,” Harvard Business Review, https://hbr.org/topic/artificial-intelligence-in-business , Nov. 2022 (accessed Feb. 2023).

報告

格式[1] A. Author, “Title of Report,” Name of Organization, City, State, Month Year.
範例[1] T. Nguyen, “Global AI Market Report 2022,” Gartner Inc., Stamford, CT, Sept. 2022.[2] L. Jackson, “Artificial Intelligence in Education,” National Education Association, Washington, DC, Jan. 2023.

IEEE參考文獻列表的頁面格式

在IEEE引用格式中,文末參考文獻列表應放在一個單獨頁面上。在頁面頂部用粗黑體的“ References ”作為標題。該標題可以置中,也可以向左對齊。

文末的參考文獻列表應當按照文獻在文中被引用的順序編號。編號數字出現在頁面左側的方括號中,編號自成一列,參考文獻列表內容列在編號右邊且每條參考文獻需對齊。

IEEE引用格式中的文末參考文獻列表應當使用單行距排版。每條參考文獻另起一行。

在提交給期刊前檢查引用格式

正如大多數研究人員都熟悉的,正確使用引用格式並不是一件容易的事(包括APA格式MLA格式芝加哥格式溫哥華格式),很容易出錯。為了確保向期刊投稿前論文具有合格的質量,請務必使用專業的英文潤稿服務,包括期刊論文編修學位論文編修

需要英文編修,就找Wordvice。
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